Shellfish Research and Information
Services for the U.S. West Coast


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STUDENT OPPORTUNITIES

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Internships with PSI

Intern or volunteer on one of PSI's research projects or outreach campaigns.


FEATURED

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The man with a plan

PSI researcher, Andy Suhrbier helps shellfish growers adapt to changing ocean conditions.



Reports & Publications

PSI supported research and outreach offers a variety of informational materials on shellfish-related issues.

Shellfish research and information services for the U.S. West Coast

Publications and Reports

SHELLFISH AND HUMAN HEALTH

Houle, K. C., Bill, B. D., Christy, A., Davis, J. P., Leighfield, T. A., Morton, S. L., Shumway, S. E., Trainer, V. L., Vadopalas, B. & Hudson, B. 2023. Biotoxin Uptake, Retention, and Depuration Trends in Purple-Hinged Rock Scallops, Crassadoma gigantea (Gray 1825).Journal of Shellfish Research 42(2):265-279.

Love, D. C., Kuehl, L. M., Lane, R. M., Fry, J. P., Harding, J., Davis, B. J. K., Clancy, K. and Hudson, B. 2020. Performance of Cold Chains and Modeled Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus for Farmed Oysters Distributed in the United States and Internationally. International Journal of Food Microbiology 313:108378.

Love, D. C., Lane, R. M., Kuehl, L. M., Hudson, B., Harding, J., Clancy, K. and Fry, J. P. 2020. Performance and Conduct of Supply Chains for United States Farmed Oysters. Aquaculture 515:734569.

Lane, R. M., Love, D. C., Kuehl, L. M. and Hudson, B. 2019. Application of Time-Temperature Indicators and Time Temperature Data Loggers in the Seafood Industry. Virginia Cooperative Extension publication FST-345NP.

Love, D. C., Lane, R. M., Davis, B. J., Clancy, K., Fry, J. P., Harding, J. and Hudson, B. 2018. Performance of Cold Chains for Chesapeake Bay Farmed Oysters and Modeled Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Food Protection 82: 168-178

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2013. Harvest Management Tools to Control the Levels of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Concentrations in Oysters and other Bivalve Shellfish. Final Project Report for NMFS/NOAA Saltonstall ‐Kennedy Program, Award No. NA09NMF4270089.

Pet Waste: What’s the Problem? Brochure. 2011.

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2009. Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring Program - Phytoplankton Analyses. Final Report Prepared for Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Group.

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2008. Characterization of the Cadmium Health Risk, Concentrations and Ways to Minimize Cadmium Residues in Shellfish; Sampling and Analysis of Cadmium in U.S. West Coast Bivalve Shellfish. Prepared for Oregon State University, Seafood Research Laboratory. USDA Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service. Award No. 2004-51110-02156.

Shellfish Farmers as First Responders to Spills. Report to the Russell Family Foundation. 2008.

Rasmussen, R. S., Morrissey, M. T. and D. Cheney. 2007. Effect of Age and Tissue Weight on the Cadmium Concentration in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Journal of Shellfish Research. Vol. 26, No. 1, 173-179.

Christy, A. E. 2005. A survey of cadmium in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and its implication to the shellfish industry and human health. Masters Thesis, The Evergreen State College.

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND ECONOMICS

Horwedel and Wellman. 2023. Oyster Aquaculture: Cost Differentials of Alternative Gear Types and Profitability. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, WA.

Horwedel and Wellman. 2023. Shellfish Aquaculture Ecosystem Services and Eelgrass Interactions. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, WA.

Fisher, J., Angel, D., Callier, M., Cheney, D., Filgueira, R., Hudson, B., McKindsey, C., Milke, L., Moore, H., O'Beirn, F., O'carroll, J., Rabe, B., Telfer, T. and Byron, C. 2023. Ecological carrying capacity in mariculture: Consideration and application in geographic strategies and policy. Marine Policy. 150. 105516. 10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105516.

Houle, K.,Hudson, B., Cheney, D. July 2020. Developing a habitat suitability index to compare off-bottom oyster culture and eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds in Pacific Northwest estuaries. Final Report for Washington Sea Grant, pp. 26.

Hudson, B., Cheney, D., Dumbauld, B., Cordell, J., Tomas-Nash, F., Kramer, S., Houle, K., Suhrbier, A., Middleton, M., Toft, J., Kralj, J., Mercer, D., Clarke, L., Meuthing, K., Mack, C., Minch, J. August 2018. Quantification of functional relationships between shellfish culture and seagrass in US west coast estuaries to inform regulatory decisions. Final Report for NOAA Saltonstall-Kennedy Program Award No. NA15NMF4270318. pp. 36.

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2017. Surf to Turf Mussel Compost: Removing and Recycling Nutrients from Budd Inlet. Final Project Report for National Estuary Program Toxics and Nutrients Award No. G1500057. Prepared for the Washington Department of Ecology by Aimee Christy, Bobbi Hudson, Andrew Suhrbier, Steven Booth, Mary Middleton, Dan Cheney of the Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, WA. May, 2017. pp. 68.Appendices.

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2014. Shellfish at Work – Reducing Nutrient Pollution in the Budd Inlet Watershed. Final Project Report for National Estuary Program Toxics and Nutrients Award No. G1300037. Prepared for the Washington Department of Ecology by Aimee Christy, Bobbi Hudson and Andrew Suhrbier of the Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, WA. December 2014. pp. 80. Appendices.

Puget Sound Restoration Fund. 2011. Technical Memorandum: Liberty Bay Case Study. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Northern Economics, Inc. 2010. Assessment of Benefits and Cost Associated with Shellfish Production and Restoration in Puget Sound. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Northern Economics, Inc. 2010. Technical Memorandum: Puget Sound Shellfish Revenue and Expenditure Survey. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Northern Economics, Inc. 2010. Technical Memorandum: Property Value Study. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Entrix, Inc. 2010. Technical Memorandum: Drayton Harbor Community Oyster Farm Community and Ecosystem Benefits. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc. 2010. Technical Memorandum: Nitrogen Removal with Shellfish Harvest in Oakland Bay and Puget Sound. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Northern Economics, Inc. 2009. Valuation of Ecosystem Services from Shellfish Restoration, Enhancement and Management: A Review of the Literature. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Northern Economics, Inc. 2009. Perceptions and Values of Shellfish Stakeholders Prepared for Washington Sea Grant and Pacific Shellfish Institute.

Entrix, Inc. 2009. Technical Memorandum: Estimating Water Quality Benefits From Shellfish Harvesting: A Case Study in Oakland Bay. Prepared for Pacific Shellfish Institute.

SHELLFISH PRODUCTION AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Ruesink, J. L., Mawson, C. H., Allen, B., Barrett, J., Beugli, D., Booth, S., Butler, L., Dewey, B., Donoghue, C. R., Dumbauld, B. R., Feldman, K., Forster, Z., Garcia, M., Gross, J. A., Hudson, B., Hull, W. W., Iyer, V., Katla, A., Kraft, L., Paul, B., & Patten, K. D. 2025. Efficacy, non-target impacts, and costs of mechanical control options against a bioturbator in bivalve aquaculture. Aquaculture, 596, 741788.

Ruesink, J. L., Houle, K., Kroeker, K. J., Dumbauld, B. R., Boardman, F. C., Lewis, N. S., McIntyre, B. A., Suhrbier, A. D. & Hudson, B. 2024. Intraspecific variation in resilience traits of eelgrass across intertidal stress gradients and oyster aquaculture methods. Frontiers in Marine Science, 11, 1427595.

Hudson, B., Page, K., Stephens, T. and A. Suhrbier. 2023. Shellfish and Seaweed Species and Gear Thresholds for Alaska Mariculture. Prepared for NOAA Fisheries. Olympia, WA. October 2023. 18 pp + Appendices.

Mercier, A., Hamel, J-F., Suhrbier, A., Pearce, C. (Eds.). 2023. The World of Sea Cucumbers: Challenges, Advances and Innovations. Academic Press.

Ruesink, J. L., Houle, K., Beck, E., Boardman, F. C., Suhrbier, A., & Hudson, B. 2023. Intertidal Grow‐Out Technique, Not Eelgrass (Zostera marina), Influences Performance of Pacific Oysters (Magallana gigas). Aquaculture Research, 2023(1), 6621043.

Booth SR, Naar NA (ed), Stote A (ed). 2023. Burrowing Shrimp Management in Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor. Washington Sea Grant. Seattle, WA.

Stote A, Vadopalas B, Naar N. 2023. Ecological interactions between shellfish aquaculture, eelgrass and burrowing shrimp in Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor. Washington Sea Grant. Seattle, WA. 

Booth, S. R. and B. Hudson. 2021. A Framework for the Integrated Management of Burrowing Shrimp in SW Washington. Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, Washington.

Booth, S. R., Platten, I. and B. Hudson. 2021. A Framework for Integrated Management of Burrowing Shrimp in SW Washington: An Annotated Bibliography of Most Relevant Resources. Pacific Shellfish Institute, Olympia, Washington.

Hudson, B., Elston, R., Davis, R., Sahli, N., Houle, K. and A. Suhrbier. 2020. Seed Health Research & Technical Training in New Oyster Seed Rearing Practices. A white paper prepared for NOAA grant no. NA16NMF4270262.

van Senten, J., Engle, C., Hudson, B. and F. Conte. 2020.Regulatory Costs on Pacific Coast Shellfish Farms. Aquaculture Economics & Management. 1-33. 10.1080/13657305.2020.1781293.

Booth, S. R., Patten, K., & New, L. 2019. Response of estuarine benthic invertebrates to field applications of insecticide. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 218, pp. 86-94.

Suhrbier, A. D., Cheney, D. P., Cordell, J. R., Dewey, W. F., Davis, J. P., & Ferreira, J. G. 2017. Innovative Farming Methods for Production and Harvest of Manila Clams in Washington State, USA. WORLD AQUACULTURE, pp. 49-57.

Steven Booth. 2012. Dichotomous Key and Illustrated Guide to the Pests of Bivalve Aquaculture in Washington and Oregon

William Dewey, Jonathan P. Davis, and Daniel P. Cheney. 2011. Shellfish aquaculture and the environment: an industry perspective. In Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment. Ed.Sandra E. Shumway.

Pacific Shellfish Institute. 2010. Oyster Seed Crisis. Final Report Prepared for Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oyster Reserves Program.

Daniel Cheney, Richard Langdon, Kevin Heasman, Bernard Friedman, and Jonathan Davis. 2010. Shellfish Culture in the Open Ocean: Lessons Learned for Offshore Expansion. Marine Technology Journal. vol. 44, no. 3. May/June 2010

Elston, R.A., D.P. Cheney, B.F. MacDonald and A.D. Suhrbier. 2003. Tolerance and Response of Manila Clams, Vererupis philippinarum (A. Adams and Reeve, 1850) to Low Salinity. Journal of Shellfish Research, 22(3):667–674.

Amro M. Hamdoun, Daniel P. Cheney and Gary N. Cherr. 2003. Phenotypic Plasticity of HSP70 and HSP70 Gene Expression in the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas): Implications for Thermal Limits and Induction of Thermal Tolerance. Biol. Bull. 205: 160-169.

Cheney, D. P., Macdonald, B. F., and Elston, R. A. 2000. Summer mortality of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg): Initial findings on multiple environmental stressors in Puget Sound, Washington. Journal of Shellfish Research 19(1): 353-359.